0xdeadbeef dot info.

[0x01] Who's raptor?

As a polyglot programmer of weird machines, I study how things can go wrong. I'm a core developer of the OSSTMM, the international standard for security testing. I've published many articles in various computing magazines, including Phrack, and I've co-authored some books, such as the popular Hacking Exposed Linux. I've presented my research at prestigious international conferences, including Infiltrate. I've recently earned the title of Most Valuable Security Researcher from Microsoft. Back in the '90s, I co-founded Linux&C, the first Italian magazine about Linux and the open source movement.

I write code mainly in C, Assembly, Rust, Shell, Python, Java, JavaScript, Perl, C++, and PowerShell. This is my personal homepage. Please send your feedback to <raptor[at]0xdeadbeef.info> (PGP key).

[0x02] Publications

• 2000-2009
  • OSSTMM. Since 2001, I'm a core developer of the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual.
  • L'arte dell'hacking. I did the technical review of the translation of Hacking: the art of exploitation, by Jon Erickson.
  • Vulnerabilità su Linux. I wrote the foreword for this practical exploitation guide by Enrico Feresin.
  • Hacking Exposed Linux. I wrote the VoIP chapter for the third edition of the HEL book, curated by ISECOM.
• 2010-2019
  • Cyberworld. I co-authored this book sponsored by the Italian DoD's National Security Observatory.
  • CLUSIT Report 2016. I co-authored the e-commerce section of this edition of the annual CLUSIT ICT security report.
  • Hacker Highschool. I've contributed to this ISECOM project that promotes security awareness for teens.

• 2000-2009
  • L'anonimato su Internet. About anonymity and privacy on the Internet, appeared on Apogeonline in January 2000.
  • Qualcuno ci ascolta. About the ECHELON network (written in January 2000, not published elsewhere).
  • Introduzione al Quantum Computing. Introduction to QC, also released as an Apogeonline ebook in July 2002.
  • Sicurezza su reti X.25. Whitepaper written for ITBH and released to the public in September 2002.
• 2010-2019
  • La metrica di sicurezza di OSSTMM. About the attack surface security metrics defined by the OSSTMM (rav).
  • La Comunicazione. I wrote the article "ICT Security Certification with the OSSTMM", published by ISCOM.
  • I cinque miti della sicurezza SCADA. Article discussing SCADA security myths and popular beliefs.
  • Protezione degli utenti VIP. Article about tailoring information security services for Top Managers.
  • Penetration Testing Guidelines. I co-authored these security testing guidelines by ISACA's Venice Chapter.
  • Security Testing with CPDLC. I co-authored this paper on Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications security.
  • Tracing Android and iOS apps. Blog post explaining how to use my raptor_frida_*_trace.js scripts.
  • In praise of tactical exploitation. Blog post introducing my tactical exploitation toolkit.
  • How a Unix hacker discovered PowerShell. Blog post covering my unexpected PowerShell journey.
• 2020-now
  • Hello, world!. This is the first post on HN Security's blog, where I introduce my new project and team.
  • Exploiting a Format String Bug in Solaris CDE. It finally happened... I've been published in Phrack!
  • Letme.go. A minimalistic Go implementation of the staging protocols used by the Metasploit Framework.
  • Semgrep C/C++ rules. Introducing my Semgrep ruleset for C/C++ vulnerability research.
  • Multiple vulnerabilities in Zyxel zysh. Zyxel zysh CVE-2022-26531 and CVE-2022-26532 writeup.
  • Automating binary vulnerability discovery with Ghidra and Semgrep. Introducing my static analysis toolkit.
  • Nothing new under the Sun. Solaris dtprintinfo and libXm/libXpm vulnerabilities writeup.
  • Celebrating two years of HN Security. A summary of the first two years of the HN Security project.
  • OST2, Zephyr RTOS, and a bunch of CVEs. Zephyr RTOS multiple vulnerabilities writeup.
  • Big update to my Semgrep C/C++ ruleset. Introducing new tooling to hunt for bugs in large codebases.
  • Weggli patterns. Introducing my collection of weggli patterns for C/C++ vulnerability research.
  • Multiple vulnerabilities in RT-Thread RTOS. RT-Thread RTOS multiple vulnerabilities writeup.
  • Multiple vulnerabilities in RIOT OS. RIOT OS multiple vulnerabilities writeup.
  • Multiple vulnerabilities in Eclipse ThreadX. Eclipse ThreadX multiple vulnerabilities writeup.
  • Learning Rust for fun and backdoo-rs. It's 2024 and it's high time to learn Rust for offensive operations.
  • An offensive Rust encore. Bring your offensive Rust skills to the next level.
  • Streamlining vulnerability research with IDA Pro and Rust. Introducing my Rust vuln-dev toolkit.
  • Aiding reverse engineering with Rust and a local LLM. Introducing my oneiromancer tool.
  • Local privilege escalation on Zyxel USG FLEX H Series. Writeup for CVE-2025-1731.
  • My Zero Day Quest & BlueHat Podcast (new). My experience at the Zero Day Quest and at the BlueHat Podcast.

• 2020-now
  • Zyxel Hall of Fame 2022, 2025. Zyxel recognized me for CVE-2022-26531, CVE-2022-26532, and CVE-2025-1731.
  • MSRC 2023 Q4 Leaderboard. I've made Microsoft Researcher Recognition Program's 2023 Q4 leaderboard.
  • MSRC 2024 Q1 Leaderboard. I've made Microsoft Researcher Recognition Program's 2024 Q1 leaderboard.
  • MSRC 2024 MVR Leaderboard. I made 25th place in MSRC 2024 Most Valuable Security Researcher leaderboard.
  • Microsoft Zero Day Quest 2025 (new). I've been invited to the inaugural Zero Day Quest event in Redmond, USA.

• 2000-2009
  • Exploit #25. The 25th exploit ever added to the Exploit DB targets a vulnerability I discovered in 2003 in OpenSSH/PAM.
  • rLogin Buffer Overflow. This whitepaper was written by Juan Manuel Corredor Garcia for his GIAC GCIH practical.
  • Buffer Overflow in passwd(1). This whitepaper was written by Shaun McAdams for his GIAC GCIH practical.
  • The Internal Threat. This whitepaper was written by Jonathan Klein for his GIAC GCIH practical.
  • Hacking Exposed Cisco Networks. My wardialer ward.c was featured in the Cisco Device Wardialing chapter.
  • MySQL worm. The MySQL Bot/SpoolCLL Windows worm used my UDF exploit to spread.
  • Exploiting UDFs in MySQL. This whitepaper was written by Matthew Zimmerman for his GIAC GCIH practical.
  • Whoppix-raptor. A flash demo showing raptor_chown.c in action done for whoppix.net by ports@portsonline.net.
  • Quelques astuces avec LD_PRELOAD. French hackin9 article by Stefan Klaas that analyzes a couple of my exploits.
  • March Networks DVR-CCTV 3204. A comprehensive insecurity overview of a DVR by Alex Hernandez.
  • Return Oriented Programming. My SPARC return-into-libc exploits were cited in the seminal paper on ROP from 2008.
  • Return Oriented Programming on RISC. Another academic paper on ROP that cites my SPARC exploits.
  • SQL Injection Attacks and Defense. My Oracle database exploits were featured in this book published by Syngress.
  • Advanced SQL injection to OS full control. Bernardo Damele's Black Hat presentation on SQL injection exploitation.
• 2010-2019
  • SSH Enumusers. A Metasploit module that implements the time-based attack against SSH I discovered back in 2003.
  • Web Security: A White Hat Perspective. My MySQL UDF2 exploit is mentioned among the database attack techniques.
  • Security Analysis of a Signal Protocol Implementation. This thesis uses my Frida scripts to analyze WhatsApp.
  • Libnspr NSPR_LOG_FILE. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_libnspr3 privilege escalation exploit.
  • Glibc LD_AUDIT. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_ldaudit privilege escalation exploit.
  • Xorg X11 Suid Server. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_xorgasm privilege escalation exploit.
  • Beginners.re. I've been quoted on the cover of the Farsi translation of Beginners.re by Mohsen Mostafa Jokar.
  • DailyDave. Dave Aitel has posted a terrific announcement for my talk at INFILTRATE 2019. Thanks!
  • Hack the Puffy. OpenBSD advocacy through CTF, a presentation by Jason Testart.
  • Exim Wiz. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_exim_wiz privilege escalation exploit.
  • Reverse Engineering Mobile Apps. My Frida scripts are referenced in this BSides Las Vegas presentation by Bishop Fox.
  • Xscreensaver Log. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_xscreensaver privilege escalation exploit.
• 2020-now
  • OpenSMTPD RCE. A Metasploit module that reimplements my raptor_opensmtpd.pl remote code execution exploit.
  • Security Conversations. Have I aged out of the infosec industry? Join the debate at INFILTRATE 2020;)
  • Hands On Hacking. Matthew Hickey kindly mentioned me and my research in his new book.
  • Sequoia. The awesome Qualys Research Team mentioned me in their CVE-2021-33909 advisory.
  • Offensive Cyber Operations. My SPARC security research is mentioned in this whitepaper by JD Work.
  • Format Strings. This lesson by Joseph Hallett at the University of Bristol references my Phrack article.
  • OST2. My Zephyr research is mentioned in the Vulns1001 and Vulns1002 training courses (much recommended!).
  • BPFDoor. The BPFDoor malware used my Solaris xscreensaver vulnerability to get root privileges.
  • Trail of Bits Testing Handbook. My Semgrep ruleset is mentioned among the suggested rules in this awesome handbook.
  • EMBA. The firmware security analyzer is one of the many cool projects that use my vulnerability research tooling.
  • Finding (and exploiting) vulnerabilities on IP Cameras. The tool developed by the authors is based on my Ghidra scripts.
  • SSHamble. My work of 2 decades ago inspired the timing attack features of sshamble by HD Moore.
  • Parascope. This vulnerability scanner for binaries and source code and its ruleset utility reference my weggli patterns.
  • Golem (new). C/C++ vulnerability discovery automation with Semgrep + LLVM + LLM based on my semgrep ruleset.
  • Hex-Rays Blog (new). My vulnerability research tools based on idalib got a special mention in the official Hex-Rays blog!
  • Uncovering memory corruption in NVIDIA Triton (new). My semgrep ruleset helped find some cool vulnerabilities.

[0x04] Talks

• 2000-2009
  • Intrusioni di rete. Slides compiled for an Information Security Master at Milan University (December 2001).
  • ITBH events. Archived materials for all the events organized by the ITBH association (2001-2003).
• 2010-2019
  • ARES 2016. Security Testing With Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications.
  • Speaker Introduction. Amazing speaker introduction video for my talk at INFILTRATE 2019.
  • A bug's life: story of a Solaris 0day. Full video of my talk at INFILTRATE 2019.
  • INFILTRATE 2019 party pack. Slide deck, advisory, bonus 0day exploits, and other goodies.
• 2020-now
  • The INFILTRATE effect: 6 bugs in 6 months. Full video of my talk at INFILTRATE 2020.
  • INFILTRATE 2020 party pack. Slide deck, advisories, and bonus 0day exploits.
  • Conosci il nemico. Video of my brief talk about attacker's motivations and techniques (slides: PPTX, PDF).
  • Know your enemy. English transcription of my talk about attacker's motivations and techniques (whitepaper).
  • My last Solaris talk (not your average keynote). Video of my keynote speech at RomHack 2021.
  • RomHack 2021 party pack. Slide deck, exploits, and other goodies.

• 2010-2019
  • Stealing Minutes. Newsweek International reporter Benjamin Sutherland interviewed me for this article on VoIP.
  • Materatown. I've been interviewed by the fine folks at Materatown.net on the topic of satire and anonymity.
  • How Secure is Secure Enough?. Control's Editor-in-Chief Walt Boyes interviewed me for this article on SCADA.
  • IBM: Yes, it's true. El Reg published an article on IBM's attempt to censor exploit information.
• 2020-now
  • INFILTRATE Interview. I chatted with Dave Aitel about hacking stuff, while actually hacking stuff in the background.
  • My hardest challenge. A short excerpt from my INFILTRATE interview with Dave Aitel.
  • Exploit Hall of Fame. Dragos Ruiu invited me to this Pwn2Own 2021 roundtable with some legendary hackers.
  • Seemposium Podcast. Hacking in the '90s: prepare for a trip down memory lane (in Italian)!
  • BlueHat Podcast (new). Evolutions in the last 30 years of hacking, with yours truly.

[0x08] Vulnerabilities

• CVE-2006-1242. I discovered and published this Linux Kernel IP ID Information Disclosure Weakness.

• CVE-2003-0190. I discovered and published this OpenSSH/PAM delay information disclosure vulnerability.
• CVE-2006-5229. I discovered and published yet another OpenSSH information disclosure via timing leak.

• CVE-2022-46285. I discovered and reported a vulnerability in handling XPM files in libXpm.

• CVE-2024-29195. I discovered and reported an integer wraparound in Azure C SDK.

• CVE-2019-2832. I (re)discovered and published this 0day local privilege escalation vulnerability in CDE.
• CVE-2019-3010. I discovered and reported this local privilege escalation vulnerability in Solaris xscreensaver.
• CVE-2020-2656. I discovered and reported this information disclosure via Solaris xlock.
• CVE-2020-2696. I discovered and reported this local privilege escalation via CDE dtsession.
• CVE-2020-2771. I discovered and reported this heap-based buffer overflow in Solaris whodo and w.
• CVE-2020-2851. I discovered and reported this stack-based buffer overflow in CDE libDtSvc.
• CVE-2020-2944. I discovered and reported this local privilege escalation via CDE sdtcm_convert.
• CVE-2023-24039. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in libXm.
• CVE-2023-24040. I discovered and reported a CDE printer name injection and memory disclosure.

• CVE-2022-26531. I discovered and reported multiple memory corruption bugs in Zyxel zysh.
• CVE-2022-26532. I discovered and reported a command injection vulnerability in Zyxel zysh.
• CVE-2025-1731. I discovered and reported a local privilege escalation in Zyxel uOS.
• CVE-2025-1732. I discovered a local privilege escalation via the Zyxel Recovery Manager.

• CVE-2023-3725. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in the Zephyr CANbus subsystem.
• CVE-2023-4257. I discovered and reported unchecked user input length in the Zephyr WiFi shell.
• CVE-2023-4259. I discovered and reported two buffer overflows in the Zephyr eS-WiFi driver.
• CVE-2023-4260. I discovered and reported an off-by-one buffer overflow in the Zephyr FS subsystem.
• CVE-2023-4261. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in the Zephyr IPC subsystem.
• CVE-2023-4262. I discovered and reported multiple buffer overflows in the Zephyr Mgmt subsystem.
• CVE-2023-4263. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in the Zephyr IEEE 802.15.4 driver.
• CVE-2023-4264. I discovered and reported multiple buffer overflows in the Zephyr Bluetooth subsystem.
• CVE-2023-4265. I discovered and reported two buffer overflows in Zephyr USB code.
• CVE-2023-5139. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in the Zephyr STM32 Crypto driver.
• CVE-2023-5184. I discovered and reported two signed/unsigned conversion errors in the Zephyr IPM driver.
• CVE-2023-5753. I discovered and reported additional buffer overflows in the Zephyr Bluetooth subsystem.

• CVE-2024-24335. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in RT-Thread dfs_v2/romfs.
• CVE-2024-24334. I discovered and reported some heap buffer overflows in RT-Thread dfs_v2/dfs_file.
• CVE-2024-25389. I discovered and reported the use of a weak random source in the RT-Thread rt_random driver.
• CVE-2024-25388. I discovered and reported a heap buffer overflow in the RT-Thread wlan driver.
• CVE-2024-25390. I discovered and reported some heap buffer overflows in the RT-Thread finsh component.
• CVE-2024-25391. I discovered and reported a stack buffer overflow in RT-Thread IPC.
• CVE-2024-25393. I discovered and reported a stack buffer overflow in RT-Thread AT server.
• CVE-2024-25395. I discovered and reported a static buffer overflow in the RT-Thread rt-link utility.
• CVE-2024-25392. I discovered and reported an out-of-bounds array access in the RT-Thread var_export utility.
• CVE-2024-25394. I discovered and reported multiple vulnerabilities in the RT-Thread ymodem utility.

• CVE-2024-2212. I discovered and reported some heap buffer overflows in Eclipse ThreadX.
• CVE-2024-2214. I discovered and reported a static buffer overflow in Eclipse ThreadX.
• CVE-2024-2452. I discovered and reported some heap buffer overflows in Eclipse ThreadX NetX Duo.

• CVE-2024-31225. I discovered and reported a buffer overflow in RIOT cord.
• CVE-2024-32017. I discovered and reported some buffer overflows in RIOT GCoAP.
• CVE-2024-32018. I discovered and reported an ineffective size check due to assert() in RIOT NimBLE.
• GHSA-x3j5-hfrr-5x6q. I discovered and reported an out-of-bounds memory access in RIOT ESP.
• GHSA-pw2r-pp35-xfmj. I discovered and reported an ineffective size check due to assert() in RIOT BLE.
• GHSA-c4p4-vv7v-3hx8. I discovered and reported an ineffective size check due to assert() in RIOT SUIT.
• GHSA-r87w-9vw9-f7cx. I discovered and reported an integer wraparound in RIOT mtd_emulated.
• GHSA-2hx7-c324-3rxv. I discovered and reported an off-by-one and an unterminated string in RIOT lwext4.
• GHSA-frp5-4gfp-84j3. I discovered and reported an out-of-bounds memory access in RIOT shell.
• GHSA-x27v-gqp4-7jq3. I discovered and reported some buffer overflows in RIOT emCute.

• smbfs/umount. I discovered and reported to Illumos a buffer overflow in smbfs/umount.
• dhclient. I discovered and reported a format string bug in ISC DHCP configuration file handling.
• coturn. I discovered and reported some security issues in the coturn TURN server.
• FreeRTOS. I discovered and reported some security issues and other bugs in FreeRTOS.
• lwIP/httpclient. I discovered and reported an integer wraparound and heap buffer overflow.
• lwIP/makefsdata. I discovered and reported an integer underflow and static buffer overflow.
• CVE-2023-49287. I discovered and reported some buffer overflow vulnerabilities in TinyDir.

[0x10] Exploits

• raptor_chown.c. Linux 2.6.x < 2.6.7-rc3 (CVE-2004-0497). Missing DAC controls in sys_chown() on Linux.
• raptor_prctl.c. Linux 2.6.x from 2.6.13 up to versions before 2.6.17.4 (CVE-2006-2451). Suid_dumpable bug.
• raptor_prctl2.c. Linux 2.6.x from 2.6.13 up to versions before 2.6.17.4 (CVE-2006-2451). Via logrotate(8).
• raptor_truecrypt.tgz. TrueCrypt <= 4.3 (CVE-2007-1738). Local privilege escalation via setuid volume mount.
• raptor_ldaudit. Local privilege escalation through glibc dynamic linker (CVE-2010-3856). Via crond(8).
• raptor_ldaudit2. Local privilege escalation through glibc dynamic linker (CVE-2010-3856). Via logrotate(8).
• raptor_exim_wiz. Local privilege escalation via "The Return of the WIZard" Exim bug (CVE-2019-10149).

• raptor_ucbps. Solaris 8, 9 (CVE-1999-1587). Information leak with /usr/ucb/ps on both SPARC and x86.
• raptor_rlogin.c. Solaris 2.5.1, 2.6, 7, 8 (CVE-2001-0797). Buffer overflow in System V login via rlogin vector.
• raptor_ldpreload.c. Solaris 2.6, 7, 8, 9 (CVE-2003-0609). Stack-based buffer overflow in the runtime linker ld.so.1.
• raptor_libdthelp.c. Solaris 7, 8, 9 (CVE-2003-0834). Buffer overflow in CDE libDtHelp via dtprintinfo help feature.
• raptor_libdthelp2.c. Solaris 7, 8, 9 (CVE-2003-0834). Buffer overflow in CDE libDtHelp, non-exec stack (NX) version.
• raptor_passwd.c. Solaris 8, 9 (CVE-2004-0360). Stack-based buffer overflow in the circ() function of passwd(1).
• raptor_sysinfo.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-3824). Kernel memory disclosure with the sysinfo(2) system call.
• raptor_xkb.c. Solaris 8, 9, 10 (CVE-2006-4655). Buffer overflow in the Strcmp() function of X11 XKEYBOARD.
• raptor_libnspr. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation oldschool local root.
• raptor_libnspr2. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation local root via LD_PRELOAD.
• raptor_libnspr3. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation local root via constructor.
• raptor_peek.c. Solaris 8, 9, 10 (CVE-2007-5225). Kernel memory disclosure with fifofs I_PEEK ioctl(2).
• raptor_solgasm. Solaris 11 (CVE-2018-14665). Local privilege escalation via Xorg -logfile and inittab.
• raptor_dtprintname_sparc.c. Solaris 7, 8, 9 (CVE-2019-2832). Buffer overflow in CDE dtprintinfo (SPARC).
• raptor_dtprintname_sparc2.c. Solaris 7, 8, 9 (CVE-2019-2832). Buffer overflow in CDE dtprintinfo (SPARC, NX).
• raptor_dtprintname_sparc3.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2019-2832). Buffer overflow in CDE dtprintinfo (SPARC, NX).
• raptor_xscreensaver. Solaris 11.x (CVE-2019-3010). Local privilege escalation via xscreensaver.
• raptor_dtprintcheckdir_sparc.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2022-43752). Format string bug in CDE dtprintinfo (SPARC PoC).
• raptor_dtprintcheckdir_sparc2.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2022-43752). Format string bug in CDE dtprintinfo (SPARC, NX).

• raptor_ucbps. Solaris 8, 9 (CVE-1999-1587). Information leak with /usr/ucb/ps on both SPARC and x86.
• raptor_sysinfo.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-3824). Kernel memory disclosure with the sysinfo(2) system call.
• raptor_libnspr. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation oldschool local root.
• raptor_libnspr2. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation local root via LD_PRELOAD.
• raptor_libnspr3. Solaris 10 (CVE-2006-4842). NSPR library arbitrary file creation local root via constructor.
• raptor_peek.c. Solaris 8, 9, 10 (CVE-2007-5225). Kernel memory disclosure with fifofs I_PEEK ioctl(2).
• raptor_solgasm. Solaris 11 (CVE-2018-14665). Local privilege escalation via Xorg -logfile and inittab.
• raptor_dtprintname_intel.c. Solaris 7, 8, 9, 10 (CVE-2019-2832). Buffer overflow in CDE dtprintinfo (Intel, NX).
• raptor_xscreensaver. Solaris 11.x (CVE-2019-3010). Local privilege escalation via xscreensaver.
• raptor_dtsession_ipa.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2020-2696). Local privilege escalation via CDE dtsession.
• raptor_sdtcm_conv.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2020-2944). Local privilege escalation via CDE sdtcm_convert.
• raptor_dtprintcheckdir_intel.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2022-43752). Another buffer overflow in CDE dtprintinfo (Intel, NX).
• raptor_dtprintcheckdir_intel2.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2022-43752). Format string bug in CDE dtprintinfo (Intel, NX).
• raptor_dtprintlibXmas.c. Solaris 10 (CVE-2023-24039). Buffer overflow in libXm via CDE dtprintinfo (Intel, NX).

• raptor_libC. AIX 5.3, 6.1 (CVE-2009-2669). Arbitrary file creation or overwrite via libC debugging functions.

• raptor_xorgasm. OpenBSD 6.3, 6.4 (CVE-2018-14665). Local privilege escalation via Xorg -logfile and cron.
• raptor_opensmtpd.pl. OpenBSD 6.4, 6.5, 6.6 (CVE-2020-7247). LPE and RCE in OpenBSD's OpenSMTPD.

• raptor_zysh_fhtagn.exp. Zyxel zysh (CVE-2022-26531). Remote code execution via multiple format string bugs.
• raptor_fermion. Zyxel uOS (CVE-2025-1731). Local privilege escalation via fermion-wrapper.

• raptor_oraextproc.sql. Oracle 9i, 10g (CVE-2004-1364). Directory traversal vulnerability in extproc.
• raptor_oraexec.sql. Exploitation suite for Oracle written in Java, to read/write files and execute OS commands.
• raptor_orafile.sql. File system access suite for Oracle based on the utl_file package, to read/write files.

• raptor_udf.c. Helper dynamic library for local privilege escalation through MySQL run with root privileges.
• raptor_udf2.c. Slight modification of raptor_udf.c, it works with recent versions of the open source database.
• raptor_winudf.zip. MySQL UDF backdoor kit for M$ Windows (ZIP password is "0xdeadbeef").

• raptor_sshtime. OpenSSH (CVE-2003-0190, CVE-2006-5229). Remote timing attack information leak exploit.
• raptor_dominohash. Lotus Domino R5, R6 (CVE-2005-2428). Webmail names.nsf password hash dumper.
• raptor_xorgy. Xorg 1.19.0 - 1.20.2 (CVE-2018-14665). Local privilege escalation via Xorg -modulepath.

[0x20] Tools

• rhabdomancer. Vulnerability research assistant that locates calls to insecure API functions in a binary.
• haruspex. Vulnerability research assistant that extracts pseudo-code from the IDA Hex-Rays decompiler.
• augur. Reverse engineering assistant that extracts strings and related pseudo-code from a binary file.
• oneiromancer. Reverse engineering assistant that uses a locally running LLM to aid with pseudo-code analysis.
• idalib. I'm a contributor to these award-winning idiomatic Rust bindings for the IDA SDK.
• semgrep-rules. A collection of my Semgrep rules to facilitate vulnerability research.
• weggli-patterns. A collection of my weggli patterns to facilitate vulnerability research.
• frida-scripts. A collection of my Frida.re instrumentation scripts to facilitate reverse engineering.
• ghidra-scripts. A collection of my Ghidra scripts to facilitate reverse engineering and vulnerability research.

• tactical-exploitation. A modern tactical exploitation toolkit to assist penetration testers.
• backdoo-rs. Rust implementation of the main staging protocols used by the Metasploit Framework.
• blindsight. Red teaming tool to dump LSASS memory, bypassing basic countermeasures.
• samba-hax0r. Multi-purpose attack tool for SMB/CIFS network protocols exploitation.
• mssql-hax0r. Multi-purpose SQL injection attack tool for advanced Microsoft SQL Server exploitation.
• havoc-0.1d.tgz. Random ARP traffic generator, BOFH style. It can temporarily hose an ethernet segment.
• ikenum. Script for remote enumeration of supported ISAKMP authentication methods (RFC 2409).
• orabackdoor.sql. Proof-of-concept code to demonstrate how to write a simple backdoor for Oracle.
• scan-tools.tgz. A collection of easily customizable bash scripts for network scanning purposes.
• sequel.tgz. A collection of simple scripts for performing multiple tasks via SQL injection attacks.
• p2s.c. Prism2stumbler is a wireless network stumbler for PRISM2 cards. Tested on Linux with wlan-ng.

• brutus.pl. Remote login/password bruteforce cracker for TELNET, FTP, POP3, SMTP, and HTTP protocols.
• ward.c. Fast wardialer for Unix systems, it scans a list of phone numbers hunting for active modems.
• rasbrute.bat. Very basic and easily customizable DOS batch script for remote bruteforcing of M$ PPTP.
• bounce.c. Simple netcat-like bouncer client that pipes on localhost an active TCP session.
• x25-tools.tgz. A collection of multi-purpose X.25 scanners based on vudu, including nuascan and cudscan.
• psibrute.com. This DCL script abuses the old PSI_MAIL trick on VMS/OpenVMS to remotely find valid users.
• backdoor.bas. Simple VMS/OpenVMS lib$spawn() setuid-like backdoor (easily portable to other languages).
• autoscan.pl. Autonet NUA scanner for the old autonet x25pad gateway, based on the brutus.pl engine.

• jiggy. A minimalistic cross-platform mouse jiggler written in Rust.
• raptor-rust-template. My template for starting a Rust project, meant to be used with cargo-generate.
• aoc-2024-in-rust. My solutions to Advent of Code 2024 in Rust.
• rust_os (new). My code for Writing an OS in Rust, a book by Philipp Oppermann.
• zero2prod. My code for Zero To Production In Rust, a book by Luca Palmieri.

• shellcode. A collection of my shellcode samples for various architectures and operating systems.
• Ao64A. NASM macOS translation of code listings distributed with the Art of 64-bit Assembly Language.
• abo-exploits.tgz. Advanced buffer overflows study. See gera's vulnerable code exploited in different ways.
• fs-exploits.tgz. Format strings exploitation study. Commented solutions to gera's fs vulnerable code series.
• vulndev-exploits.tgz. Exploit code for vuln-dev challenges. Currently, there are 2 accomplished challenges.
• linux-x86-exploits.tgz. Linux/x86 vulnerable code study. Currently, there are 86 example exploits included.
• solaris-sparc-exploits.tgz. Solaris/SPARC vulnerable code study. Currently, there are 19 example exploits.
• libc-search.c. Quick and easily-adaptable libc symbol/pattern search helper. Tested on Linux.

• xchg rax,rax solutions. My attempt at tackling the x86_64 asm riddles in xorpd's xchg rax,rax book.
• poly.tgz. An old collection of polyglots, programs that may be compiled in more than one language.

[0x40] Configurations

• rc.iptables. Sample basic ruleset for the configuration of a Linux stateful host/masq firewall.
• pf.conf. Sample PF/NAT ruleset for the configuration of a FreeBSD/OpenBSD stateful host/masq firewall.

• modsecurity-2.6.8.conf. Sample configuration file for the ModSecurity application firewall v2.6.8.
• modsecurity-2.5.12.conf. Sample configuration file for the ModSecurity application firewall v2.5.12.

• torrc. Sample configuration file for a Tor relay/bridge. Tested on Tor 0.3.0.10 on FreeBSD.
• openvpn-*.conf. Sample OpenVPN client and server configurations. Tested on Debian GNU/Linux 8.7.

[0x80] /dev/random

• Ralphy. Ralphy the Raptor has been 0xdeadbeef dot info's mascot for at least a couple of decades.
• Utah Bengaled Raptor. An impressive 8 foot tall, 1 ton wooden prehistoric monster, created by artist Matt Kron.
• 0xdefaced. This is the archived 0xdeadbeef dot info defacement hoax made for April Fools' Day 2004.
• Voodoo. A picture of my old and glorious Acer TravelMate 345T notebook, running OpenBSD.
• Insert Coin. My kinda original HP JetDirect printer's new display (yeah, I was bored that day).
• Control Room. ITAPAC (DNIC 2222) is the most known Italian X.25 network, still alive as of 2006.
• Sidecar Wardriving. Funny picture of a l33t wardriving session on an original Ural sidecar.
• This Site is Blocked. A screenshot of UAE's Internet Access Management Policy in action.
• Vault 7. Some of my shellcodes are among the CIA tools released by Wikileaks. Achievement unlocked!
• Sploits. My 2006 work was featured in a Russian hacking group ("They used to be good at sploits").